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Jane Barlow (1856–1917) was an Irish novelist, poet, and short-story writer associated with the Irish Literary Revival. Born in Dollymount, Clontarf, County Dublin, she was the daughter of Rev. James William Barlow, Vice-Provost of Trinity College Dublin. Educated largely at home, she became proficient in several languages and developed a strong interest in classical literature, folklore, and rural Irish life.

Barlow achieved major success with Irish Idylls (1892), a collection of stories depicting the lives, speech, humour, hardships, and beliefs of ordinary Irish rural communities. The book became an international success and established her reputation as one of the leading Irish writers of her generation. Her fiction often combined realism, irony, folklore, and psychological observation, especially in works such as Kerrigan’s Quality, Strangers at Lisconnell, and The Founding of Fortunes.